Linux_Base – ntulp

Linux: ssh remote run local script without scp file

2022-06-062022-06-06 老王

快速在遠端執行本地 bash file

ssh user@remote 'bash -s' < local.sh

1	ssh user@remote 'bash -s' < local.sh

Linux:快速變更 tty 語系

2022-04-192022-06-06 老王

check 已安裝的語系

 locale -a

locale -a

快速更換語系

LANG=zh_TW.UTF-8; export LANG

1	LANG=zh_TW.UTF-8; export LANG

Linux: awk 內置文字處理 split/substr/length

2021-09-182021-09-18 老王

基本說明：
split(string, array[, field separator]) : 字串,變數名稱,分割符號(預設當前FS)
ex: 取出第二個元素,再使用":" 分割字串存成陣一列 ar ,再print 出 ar 第二個元素

echo "123:456 789:abc" | awk '{ split($2,ar,":"); print ar[2]}'
abc

1 2	echo "123:456 789:abc" \| awk '{ split($2,ar,":"); print ar[2]}' abc

substr(string,p[,n]): 字串,從p開始,長度為n
ex: 使用 substr 取出第二個元素, 從第3個字元開始，取1個字元

echo "1234 5678 9abc" | awk '{print substr($2,3)}'
78
echo "1234 5678 9abc" | awk '{print substr($2,3,1)}'
7

echo "1234 5678 9abc" | awk '{print substr($2,3)}'

echo "1234 5678 9abc" | awk '{print substr($2,3,1)}'

length([string]): 返回字串長度，預設為$0
ex:

echo "1234 5678 9abc" | awk '{print length()}'
14
echo "1234 5678 9abc" | awk '{print length($1)}'
4

echo "1234 5678 9abc" | awk '{print length()}'

echo "1234 5678 9abc" | awk '{print length($1)}'

綜合應用
處理nginx log
1.每10秒的連線計數

cat nginx.log | awk '{ print substr($4,14,7)}'  | sort | uniq -c

1	cat nginx.log \| awk '{ print substr($4,14,7)}' \| sort \| uniq -c

2.統計IP 使用 class C

cat nginx.log | awk '{ split($1,ipar,".") ; print ipar[1]"."ipar[2]"."ipar[3]".0"}' | sort | uniq -c

1	cat nginx.log \| awk '{ split($1,ipar,".") ; print ipar[1]"."ipar[2]"."ipar[3]".0"}' \| sort \| uniq -c

Linux: NoMachine 大量發送 mdns (port 5353) fixed

2021-08-312021-08-31 老王

ubuntu 20.10, NoMachine 7.6.2

症狀：

在nomachine player 程式停在 main page 時，大量的 mdsn 封包進行 broadcast , 導至內網嚴重掉包

解決方案:

參考

實做流程

關閉所有 nomachine servcice , 含server 及 clinet
修改 server.cfg

vim /usr/NX/etc/server.cfg EnableNetworkBroadcast 0

1
2

vim /usr/NX/etc/server.cfg
EnableNetworkBroadcast 0
修改 player.cfg

vim ~/.nx/config/player.cfg <option key="Discover other NoMachine servers in the network" value="false" />

1
2

vim ~/.nx/config/player.cfg
<option key="Discover other NoMachine servers in the network" value="false" />
重新起動 nomachine參考參考

Linux: conky on xfce

2021-08-262021-08-26 老王

debian 11 in lxc

install conky

apt install conky curl -y

1	apt install conky curl -y

新增設定 [version 20210825]

vim /etc/conky/conky.conf

-- vim: ts=4 sw=4 noet ai cindent syntax=lua

conky.config = {
    alignment = 'top_right',
    background = false,
    border_width = 0.1,
    cpu_avg_samples = 4,
    default_color = 'white',
    default_outline_color = 'gray',
    default_shade_color = 'black',
    draw_borders = true,
    draw_graph_borders = false,
    draw_outline = false,
    draw_shades = false,
    use_xft = true,
    font = 'DejaVu Sans Mono:size=11',
    gap_x = 10,
    gap_y = 45,
    minimum_height = 5,
    minimum_width = 5,
    net_avg_samples = 2,
    double_buffer = true,
    out_to_console = false,
    out_to_stderr = false,
    extra_newline = false,
    own_window_colour = '000000',
    own_window_class = 'Conky',
    own_window = true,
    own_window_transparent = false,
    own_window_argb_value = 90,
    own_window_argb_visual = true,
    own_window_type = 'desktop',
    own_window_hints = 'undecorated,below,sticky,skip_taskbar,skip_pager',
    stippled_borders = 0,
    update_interval = 1,
    uppercase = false,
    use_spacer = 'none',
    show_graph_scale = false,
    show_graph_range = false
}

conky.text = [[
#${image ~/.face -p 180,5 -s 70x70 -f 86400}${image ~/.pacman -p 20,9 -s 60x60 -f 86400}
${font Latin Modern Mono Caps:bold:size=14}${alignc}${color 00ffae}$nodename
${font Noto Sans:bold:size=8}${alignc}${desktop_name} ${desktop}/$desktop_number ${font Noto Sans:bold:size=8}${alignc}    ${exec hostnamectl | grep System | cut -c21-40}
#${alignc}   ${exec hostnamectl | grep Architecture | cut -c7-30}
#${alignc}   ${exec hostnamectl | grep Kernel | cut -c13-34}
#${alignc}   Conky PID: ${color red}${execi 15 pgrep -l conky | cut -d ' ' -f 1}

${font Entopia:bold:size=12}${color 33E9FF}PERFORMANCE ${hr 2}${font}
${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}System Uptime ${alignr}$color $uptime
${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}Frequency: ${alignr}${freq dyn} MHz
${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}RAM Usage:$color $mem${color0}/${color4}$memmax - $memperc%
${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}SWPA Usage:$color $swap${color0}/${color4}$swapmax - $swapperc%
${offset 15}${color yellow}${membar 5}
${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}CPU:$color ${cpu}% ${color yellow}${cpubar 5}${color FFFDE2}
${offset 15}${font}${color FFFDE2}Procs:$color $processes  ${color FFFDE2}Run:$color $running_processes Temp: ${acpitemp}°C
${offset 15}Core 1   ${color ff9300}${cpubar cpu1 6}${color FFFDE2}
${offset 15}Core 2   ${color ff7300}${cpubar cpu2 6}${color FFFDE2}
#${offset 15}Core 3   ${color ff4300}${cpubar cpu3 6}${color FFFDE2}
#${offset 15}Core 4   ${color ff1300}${cpubar cpu4 6}${color FFFDE2}

${font Entopia:bold:size=12}${color green}NETWORK ${hr 2}${font}
${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}Ext IP Addr ${color 33E9FF}${alignr}${execi 300 curl -s  ifconfig.co }
#${exec cat /root/myip.txt}
${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}GateWay:${color 33E9FF}${alignr}${gw_ip}
${offset 5}${font Entopia:bold:size=12}${color orange}LAN  ${stippled_hr 1}
${offset 15}${font}${color FFFDE2}IPv4 Addr ${color 33E9FF}${alignr}${addr eth0}
${offset 15}${color green}${font}▼ $color${downspeed eth0} ${alignr}${color green}▲ $color${upspeed eth0}
${offset 15}${font}${color}DOWN ${downspeedgraph eth0 32,0 324D23 77B753}
${offset 15}${font}${color}UP   ${upspeedgraph eth0 32,0 104E8B ffff00}
${offset 5}${font Entopia:bold:size=12}${color orange}${wireless_essid wlo1} ${stippled_hr 1}
#${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}${font}WiFi ${alignr}${wireless_link_qual_perc
#wlo1}%(${wireless_link_qual wlo1}/${wireless_link_qual_max wlo1}) ${color 33E9FF}${addr wlo1}
#${offset 15}${font}${color green}▼ $color${downspeed wlo1} ${alignr}${color green}▲ $color${upspeed wlo1}
#${offset 15}${font}${color}DOWN ${downspeedgraph wlo1 32,0 324D23 77B753}
#${offset 15}${font}${color}UP   ${upspeedgraph wlo1 32,0 104E8B ffff00}
${font Entopia:bold:size=12}${color 33E9FF}PROCESSES ${hr 2}
${offset 15}${font Noto sans:size=9}${color EDE0FF}Name ${alignr}PID     CPU%  MEM%
${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 1} ${alignr}${top pid 1}  ${top cpu 1}   ${top mem 1}
${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 2} ${alignr}${top pid 2}  ${top cpu 2}   ${top mem 2}
${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 3} ${alignr}${top pid 3}  ${top cpu 3}   ${top mem 3}
${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 4} ${alignr}${top pid 4}  ${top cpu 4}   ${top mem 4}
${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 5} ${alignr}${top pid 5}  ${top cpu 5}   ${top mem 5}
${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 6} ${alignr}${top pid 6}  ${top cpu 6}   ${top mem 6}
${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 7} ${alignr}${top pid 7}  ${top cpu 7}   ${top mem 7}
${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 8} ${alignr}${top pid 8}  ${top cpu 8}   ${top mem 8}
${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 9} ${alignr}${top pid 9}  ${top cpu 9}   ${top mem 9}

${font Entopia:bold:size=12}${color 7cfc00} DISKINFO ${hr 2}
${offset 15}${color 7cfc00}disk : ${diskio}
${offset 15}${color 7cfc00}Disk I/O:
${offset 15}${diskiograph 32,0 ff7300 ff7300}
${font Entopia:bold:size=12}${color 33E9FF}END ${hr 2}${font}
]]

vim /etc/conky/conky.conf

-- vim: ts=4 sw=4 noet ai cindent syntax=lua

conky.config = {

alignment = 'top_right',

background = false,

border_width = 0.1,

cpu_avg_samples = 4,

default_color = 'white',

default_outline_color = 'gray',

default_shade_color = 'black',

draw_borders = true,

draw_graph_borders = false,

draw_outline = false,

draw_shades = false,

use_xft = true,

font = 'DejaVu Sans Mono:size=11',

gap_x = 10,

gap_y = 45,

minimum_height = 5,

minimum_width = 5,

net_avg_samples = 2,

double_buffer = true,

out_to_console = false,

out_to_stderr = false,

extra_newline = false,

own_window_colour = '000000',

own_window_class = 'Conky',

own_window = true,

own_window_transparent = false,

own_window_argb_value = 90,

own_window_argb_visual = true,

own_window_type = 'desktop',

own_window_hints = 'undecorated,below,sticky,skip_taskbar,skip_pager',

stippled_borders = 0,

update_interval = 1,

uppercase = false,

use_spacer = 'none',

show_graph_scale = false,

show_graph_range = false

}

conky.text = [[

#${image ~/.face -p 180,5 -s 70x70 -f 86400}${image ~/.pacman -p 20,9 -s 60x60 -f 86400}

${font Latin Modern Mono Caps:bold:size=14}${alignc}${color 00ffae}$nodename

${font Noto Sans:bold:size=8}${alignc}${desktop_name} ${desktop}/$desktop_number ${font Noto Sans:bold:size=8}${alignc} ${exec hostnamectl | grep System | cut -c21-40}

#${alignc} ${exec hostnamectl | grep Architecture | cut -c7-30}

#${alignc} ${exec hostnamectl | grep Kernel | cut -c13-34}

#${alignc} Conky PID: ${color red}${execi 15 pgrep -l conky | cut -d ' ' -f 1}

${font Entopia:bold:size=12}${color 33E9FF}PERFORMANCE ${hr 2}${font}

${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}System Uptime ${alignr}$color $uptime

${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}Frequency: ${alignr}${freq dyn} MHz

${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}RAM Usage:$color $mem${color0}/${color4}$memmax - $memperc%

${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}SWPA Usage:$color $swap${color0}/${color4}$swapmax - $swapperc%

${offset 15}${color yellow}${membar 5}

${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}CPU:$color ${cpu}% ${color yellow}${cpubar 5}${color FFFDE2}

${offset 15}${font}${color FFFDE2}Procs:$color $processes ${color FFFDE2}Run:$color $running_processes Temp: ${acpitemp}°C

${offset 15}Core 1 ${color ff9300}${cpubar cpu1 6}${color FFFDE2}

${offset 15}Core 2 ${color ff7300}${cpubar cpu2 6}${color FFFDE2}

#${offset 15}Core 3 ${color ff4300}${cpubar cpu3 6}${color FFFDE2}

#${offset 15}Core 4 ${color ff1300}${cpubar cpu4 6}${color FFFDE2}

${font Entopia:bold:size=12}${color green}NETWORK ${hr 2}${font}

${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}Ext IP Addr ${color 33E9FF}${alignr}${execi 300 curl -s ifconfig.co }

#${exec cat /root/myip.txt}

${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}GateWay:${color 33E9FF}${alignr}${gw_ip}

${offset 5}${font Entopia:bold:size=12}${color orange}LAN ${stippled_hr 1}

${offset 15}${font}${color FFFDE2}IPv4 Addr ${color 33E9FF}${alignr}${addr eth0}

${offset 15}${color green}${font}▼ $color${downspeed eth0} ${alignr}${color green}▲ $color${upspeed eth0}

${offset 15}${font}${color}DOWN ${downspeedgraph eth0 32,0 324D23 77B753}

${offset 15}${font}${color}UP ${upspeedgraph eth0 32,0 104E8B ffff00}

${offset 5}${font Entopia:bold:size=12}${color orange}${wireless_essid wlo1} ${stippled_hr 1}

#${offset 15}${color FFFDE2}${font}WiFi ${alignr}${wireless_link_qual_perc

#wlo1}%(${wireless_link_qual wlo1}/${wireless_link_qual_max wlo1}) ${color 33E9FF}${addr wlo1}

#${offset 15}${font}${color green}▼ $color${downspeed wlo1} ${alignr}${color green}▲ $color${upspeed wlo1}

#${offset 15}${font}${color}DOWN ${downspeedgraph wlo1 32,0 324D23 77B753}

#${offset 15}${font}${color}UP ${upspeedgraph wlo1 32,0 104E8B ffff00}

${font Entopia:bold:size=12}${color 33E9FF}PROCESSES ${hr 2}

${offset 15}${font Noto sans:size=9}${color EDE0FF}Name ${alignr}PID CPU% MEM%

${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 1} ${alignr}${top pid 1} ${top cpu 1} ${top mem 1}

${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 2} ${alignr}${top pid 2} ${top cpu 2} ${top mem 2}

${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 3} ${alignr}${top pid 3} ${top cpu 3} ${top mem 3}

${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 4} ${alignr}${top pid 4} ${top cpu 4} ${top mem 4}

${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 5} ${alignr}${top pid 5} ${top cpu 5} ${top mem 5}

${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 6} ${alignr}${top pid 6} ${top cpu 6} ${top mem 6}

${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 7} ${alignr}${top pid 7} ${top cpu 7} ${top mem 7}

${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 8} ${alignr}${top pid 8} ${top cpu 8} ${top mem 8}

${offset 15}${color FF7878}${top name 9} ${alignr}${top pid 9} ${top cpu 9} ${top mem 9}

${font Entopia:bold:size=12}${color 7cfc00} DISKINFO ${hr 2}

${offset 15}${color 7cfc00}disk : ${diskio}

${offset 15}${color 7cfc00}Disk I/O:

${offset 15}${diskiograph 32,0 ff7300 ff7300}

${font Entopia:bold:size=12}${color 33E9FF}END ${hr 2}${font}

]]

在 xfce 裡測試啟動

conky -c /etc/conky/conky.conf

1	conky -c /etc/conky/conky.conf

效果

auto start on login

vim ~/.config/autostart/conkystartup.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Version=0.9.4
Type=Application
Name=conkystartup
Comment=conky
Exec=/usr/bin/conky
OnlyShowIn=XFCE;
RunHook=0
StartupNotify=false
Terminal=false
Hidden=false

vim ~/.config/autostart/conkystartup.desktop

[Desktop Entry]

Encoding=UTF-8

Version=0.9.4

Type=Application

Name=conkystartup

Comment=conky

Exec=/usr/bin/conky

OnlyShowIn=XFCE;

RunHook=0

StartupNotify=false

Terminal=false

Hidden=false

Linux:memory and swap 管理

2021-08-232021-08-23 老王

檢視memory

free -m
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:            961         535          81           0         344         252
Swap:          2047         371        1676

free -m

total used free shared buff/cache available

Mem: 961 535 81 0 344 252

Swap: 2047 371 1676

buff/cache : 系統可自行回收再使用

clean cache

#pagecache
echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
#dentries + inodes
echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
#pagecache + dentries + inodes
echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

#pagecache

echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

#dentries + inodes

echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

#pagecache + dentries + inodes

echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

clean swap

# 執行前需確認mem 的空間足夠接收 swap 所釋放出來的空間
swapoff -a
swapon -a

# 執行前需確認mem 的空間足夠接收 swap 所釋放出來的空間

swapoff -a

swapon -a

swap 調整開始使用的比例，下例為mem 剩於10% 開始使用

vim /etc/sysctl.conf
vm.swappiness=10
sysctl -p

vim /etc/sysctl.conf

vm.swappiness=10

sysctl -p

Linux:取得硬體相關溫度資料

2021-08-172021-08-17 老王

on ubuntu 20.14

install

apt install lm-sensors

1	apt install lm-sensors

檢查相容的傳感器

sensors-detect [--auto]

1	sensors-detect [--auto]

檢視溫度

sensors

#output
iwlwifi_1-virtual-0
Adapter: Virtual device
temp1:        +66.0°C

pch_cometlake-virtual-0
Adapter: Virtual device
temp1:        +86.0°C

nvme-pci-0200
Adapter: PCI adapter
Composite:    +63.9°C  (low  =  -5.2°C, high = +79.8°C)
                       (crit = +84.8°C)

ucsi_source_psy_USBC000:001-isa-0000
Adapter: ISA adapter
in0:           0.00 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +0.00 V)
curr1:         0.00 A  (max =  +0.00 A)

coretemp-isa-0000
Adapter: ISA adapter
Package id 0:  +81.0°C  (high = +80.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 0:        +81.0°C  (high = +80.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 1:        +71.0°C  (high = +80.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 2:        +80.0°C  (high = +80.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 3:        +69.0°C  (high = +80.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)

sensors

#output

iwlwifi_1-virtual-0

Adapter: Virtual device

temp1: +66.0°C

pch_cometlake-virtual-0

Adapter: Virtual device

temp1: +86.0°C

nvme-pci-0200

Adapter: PCI adapter

Composite: +63.9°C (low = -5.2°C, high = +79.8°C)

(crit = +84.8°C)

ucsi_source_psy_USBC000:001-isa-0000

Adapter: ISA adapter

in0: 0.00 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +0.00 V)

curr1: 0.00 A (max = +0.00 A)

coretemp-isa-0000

Adapter: ISA adapter

Package id 0: +81.0°C (high = +80.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)

Core 0: +81.0°C (high = +80.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)

Core 1: +71.0°C (high = +80.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)

Core 2: +80.0°C (high = +80.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)

Core 3: +69.0°C (high = +80.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)

linux:榨乾剩餘資源之門羅幣(XMR)挖礦

2021-08-172021-08-17 老王

system : debian10

update and tools install

apt update && apt -y upgrade
apt install git build-essential cmake libuv1-dev libssl-dev libhwloc-dev
git clone https://github.com/xmrig/xmrig.git
sed -i 's/=\s1/= 0/g'  xmrig/src/donate.h
mkdir xmrig/build && cd xmrig/build && cmake ..
make -j$(nproc)

apt update && apt -y upgrade

apt install git build-essential cmake libuv1-dev libssl-dev libhwloc-dev

git clone https://github.com/xmrig/xmrig.git

sed -i 's/=\s1/= 0/g' xmrig/src/donate.h

mkdir xmrig/build && cd xmrig/build && cmake ..

make -j$(nproc)

create config from

https://config.xmrig.com/

run xmrig

./xmrig

Linux:History 二三事

2021-08-162021-08-16 老王

刪除本次 console 的操作紀錄

#清空 HISTFILE 變數內容，則登出時不會記錄
unset HISTFILE

or
#設定history 的size 為0 ，跟上面的差別是下history 指令時為空
HISTSIZE=0

#清空 HISTFILE 變數內容，則登出時不會記錄

unset HISTFILE

#設定history 的size 為0 ，跟上面的差別是下history 指令時為空

HISTSIZE=0

完全刪除所有history

history -c
history -w

1 2	history -c history -w

記錄 histroy 時間, 可以放在 /etc/bash.bashrc 裡

export HISTTIMEFORMAT='%F %T '

Linux: rsyslog imfile module 應用

2021-03-122021-07-14 老王 Leave a comment

目的：
載入 squid access.log 輸出到遠端 rsyslog server , 使用local7
squid : /etc/rsyslog.d/squid.conf

$ModLoad imfile #provides support for file logging
input( type="imfile" File="/var/log/squid/access.log" Tag="squid" Severity="info" Facility="local7" Ruleset="logsrv")
ruleset(name="logsrv"){
	action( type="omfwd" Target="172.16.1.1" Port="514" Protocol="udp")
}

$ModLoad imfile #provides support for file logging

input( type="imfile" File="/var/log/squid/access.log" Tag="squid" Severity="info" Facility="local7" Ruleset="logsrv")

ruleset(name="logsrv"){

action( type="omfwd" Target="172.16.1.1" Port="514" Protocol="udp")

}

rsyslog server : /etc/rsyslog.d/squid_collect.conf

$template SquidMsg,"%msg:2:$% %fromhost-ip%\n"
if $syslogfacility-text == 'local7' and  $programname == 'squid'  then {
        action(type="omfile" file="/var/log/squid/access.log" template="SquidMsg")
}

$template SquidMsg,"%msg:2:$% %fromhost-ip%\n"

if $syslogfacility-text == 'local7' and $programname == 'squid' then {

action(type="omfile" file="/var/log/squid/access.log" template="SquidMsg")

}

syslogfacility-text 對應到 Facility
programname 對應到 Tag